History of Judaism

Judaism (originally from Hebrew יהודה‬, Yehudah, "Judah";[1][2] via Latin and Greek) is an ancient, monotheistic, Abrahamic religion with the Torah as its foundational text.[3] It encompasses the religion, philosophy and culture of the Jewish people.[4] Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenant that God established with the Children of Israel.[5] Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. The Torah is part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or the Hebrew Bible, and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud. With between 14.5 and 17.4 million adherents worldwide,[6] Judaism is the tenth largest religion in the world.

犹太教（最初是从希伯来יהודה，犹大，“犹大”; [1] [2]通过拉丁文和希腊文），是一种古老的，一神教，亚伯拉罕宗教与律法为基础的文本[3]它包括犹太人民的宗教，哲学和文化。[4]犹太教宗教的犹太人认为是上帝与以色列的后裔立约的表达。[5]犹太教包括文本，实践，神学立场和组织形式的广泛语料库。托拉是被称为塔纳赫或希伯来圣经，以及后来的文本，如米德拉西和塔木德为代表的补充口头传统的更大的文本的一部分。随着全球信徒14.5和17.4万之间，[6]犹太教是世界第十大宗教。